All tobacco leaves are aged in multiple stages before being rolled into cigars. Once rolled, depending on the cigar, they'll sit in another aging room for rolled cigars at the factory. It is rare that cigars are rolled and packaged immediately (most sit at least a day or two in the rolled cigar aging room just because of the time it takes to cello if needed and be banded).
Once a B&M or mail-order place receives them, they sit until someone buys them. At that point, certain cigars will have met their "peak" in flavor, others will only do so after a certain amount of time. It has to do with the oils from the separate leaves "melding" together. For some it doesn't take long, for others it can take a few months to a year or so, maybe even longer in some cases.
Sometimes though, it may not even be a matter of aging if they've been fresh bought, the higher humidity stores tend to keep the cigars can affect flavor quite strongly, so it's always good to let them settle at a lower RH in your own humidor for a week or so.
BTW, the bitterness of fresh rolled varies on the age of the tobacco at the time of rolling and the type used. I find that the fresh rolled from La Casa Grande up at the Arthur Ave. market are best fresh and harsh with a few months on them.
"If you look for truth, you may find comfort in the end; if you look for comfort you will not get either comfort or truth only soft soap and wishful thinking to begin, and in the end, despair." -C.S. Lewis, Mere Christianity
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